AIM Chapter 1 — Air Navigation

What frequency band do VORs operate on?

What is the only positive method of identifying a VOR?

What VOR receiver accuracy is required before IFR flight, and what are the allowable error tolerances?

How do you use the FAA VOR Test Facility (VOT) to check your VOR receiver?

What is the VOR Minimum Operational Network (MON), and what coverage does it provide?

What frequency band do NDBs operate on, and what is their primary limitation compared to VORs?

What causes erroneous NDB bearing indications, and why is the ADF considered unreliable at night?

What is a VORTAC and what three services does it provide?

What distance does DME measure, and how accurate is it?

What are the three functional parts of the ILS system?

What frequency range does the ILS localizer use, and how wide is the localizer course at the runway threshold?

What is the standard ILS glide slope angle, and at what altitudes does it intersect the outer and middle markers?

What are the ILS Category I minimums?

What happens when the ILS localizer or glide slope fails?

What do the ILS marker beacon light colors and audio codes indicate?

Under what weather conditions does ATC protect the ILS critical areas?

What does RAIM do, and how many satellites are required for it to function?

How many GPS satellites are in the constellation, and what is the minimum number needed for a 3D position fix?

What is WAAS, and how does it improve GPS performance?

What are LPV approach minimums, and what makes them possible?

What is the difference between RNAV and RNP?

What are the RNAV 1 and RNAV 2 lateral accuracy requirements?

What is a 'fly-by' waypoint versus a 'fly-over' waypoint in RNAV procedures?

What are the signs of GPS jamming or spoofing that a pilot should watch for?

During NAVAID maintenance, how does a pilot know a facility is officially off the air?

What is the purpose of the VOR Minimum Operational Network (MON) for pilots without DME/DME equipment during a GPS outage?

What is the Localizer Type Directional Aid (LDA) and how does it differ from a standard ILS localizer?