AIM Chapter 2 — Lighting & Visual Aids

What is the purpose of an Approach Lighting System (ALS), and how long does it extend?

What does a 2-bar VASI showing red over white indicate, and what about red over red?

What is the normal glide path angle for a VASI, and how far can it be seen?

How does a PAPI differ from a VASI in configuration and what indications does it give?

What are Runway End Identifier Lights (REIL) and what are they used for?

What colors are runway edge lights, and what does yellow runway edge lighting mean?

What do the lights at the very end of the runway emit toward departing and landing aircraft?

What do runway centerline lights indicate, and how are they color coded?

What is the Runway Status Light (RWSL) system and what does it do?

How does pilot-controlled lighting work, and how long do the lights stay on?

What does a white and green rotating airport beacon indicate?

What does it mean if the airport beacon is operating during the day?

What color are taxiway edge lights and taxiway centerline lights?

What are runway guard lights and what do they look like?

What should a pilot do when encountering illuminated red stop bar lights, even with an ATC clearance?

What colors are used for runway markings versus taxiway markings?

How is a runway number determined from its magnetic direction?

What is a displaced threshold, and what operations are permitted on the portion of runway behind it?

What do runway holding position markings look like, and what do the solid lines indicate?

What does a mandatory instruction sign look like, and what does it indicate?

What do yellow chevron markings on airport pavement indicate?

What is an enhanced taxiway centerline and what does it warn pilots about?

How does a temporarily closed runway differ from a permanently closed runway in terms of markings?

What are the three main types of obstruction lighting used to mark tall structures?